http://hdl.handle.net/123456789/467 2026-04-11T11:29:40Z http://hdl.handle.net/123456789/20413 USING THE FIRST AND SECOND WELFARE THEOREMS TO ANALYSE POVERTY IN PAKISTAN AMNA NOOR FATIMA This thesis proposes an alternative conceptual framework for poverty eradication in a developing country like Pakistan to complement the existing and laudable Benazir Income Support Programme (BISP), which does not explicitly mean-test recipients for caloric poverty nor directly address the underlying causal mechanisms that generate poverty. PP. 115; ill 2026-01-01T00:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/123456789/20368 EVALUATION OF OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH PROTOCOLS IN THE CONSTRUCTION SECTOR OF ISLAMABAD Jehanzeb Waheed This thesis deals with the knowledge, attitude, and practices regarding the occupational safety standards within the construction industry of Islamabad to identify the factors influencing the compliance and implementation of the said standards. This research was done as part of the Master of Philosophy in Environmental Science and Policy. It studies the existing safety measures and whether they can reduce accidents and injuries at the workplace. PP. 70; ill 2025-01-01T00:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/123456789/20367 QUANTIFICATION OF HEAVY METALS, STEROIDS, AND THEIR HEALTH RISK ASSESSMENT IN LOCALLY MARKETED FACE WASH OF PAKISTAN Dua Fatima The widespread use of face wash products in Pakistan requires a detailed investigation into their chemical composition and potential health effects, especially regarding undeclared hazardous substances. This research addresses a significant public health and environmental issue by measuring heavy metals, including Cadmium (Cd), Chromium (Cr), Copper (Cu), Nickel (Ni), and Lead (Pb), as well as steroids, in locally marketed face wash products. It also evaluates the associated risks to human health and the environment. The purpose of the study is to establish the level of contamination, health risks, evaluate environmental effects, and recommend improvements in the regulation. This was done with a survey of consumer awareness, physicochemical study, and proper quantification of heavy metals through atomic absorption spectrophotometry as well as steroid (Betamethasone and Hydrocortisone) by High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC). Health risk assessment was carried out in the form of calculation of the Chronic Daily Intake (CDI) and Hazard Quotient (HQ). PP. 75; ill 2025-01-01T00:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/123456789/20366 EARLY LIFE EXPOSURE TO CROP BURNING AND ITS IMPACT ON CHILD HEALTH OUTCOMES Sarah Asif Khan In-utero and early life shocks have lasting impacts on a plethora of outcomes such as health, human capital, cognition and education. In the recent past, seasonal crop burning after harvest has been causing severe degradation of air quality and has led to worsening of health in those areas. Motivated by these 2 strands of literature our research question is that does in-utero and postnatal exposure to air pollution impact health outcomes of children after birth? And do these impacts vary with gender of child and wealth of households? PP. 79; ill 2025-01-01T00:00:00Z